How Effective Does The Human Rights Act 1998 Promote...

1.2.1 How Effective Does The Human Rights Act 1998 Promote Substantive Equality This section provides a summary of the main findings of major reviews that have been conducted of the effectiveness of the Human Rights Act by the government, the Joint Committee on Human Rights and the Commission. The reviews indicated that the HRA had largely had a positive impact on public service delivery and the enjoyment of human rights. However there are a number of barriers to the HRA s effectiveness: significant misconceptions about the HRA are held by sections of the media, general public and at times public authorities (including by frontline staff in public authorities on when the HRA is not relevant), a need to improve understanding and application of the HRA by public authorities, and a need for better leadership on human rights issues by the government and the Commission. These issues are also linked to the discussion of the process for developing any Bill of Rights in Chapter 4. Reviews by the government and the Joint Committee on Human Rights There have been two reviews conducted by the government on the effectiveness of the HRA. In July 2006 the Department for Constitutional Affairs (DCA) published a review in response to the Prime Minister’s request to the Lord Chancellor to consider any problems with the implementation of the HRA. In addition, the Home Office conducted a review of the effect of the HRA in the context of a wider review of the criminal justice system toShow MoreRelated2.4. Diversity, Equality and Inclusion3667 Words   |  15 Pagesï » ¿TDA Unit 204 Equality, diversity inclusion in work with children young people [1.1].In your setting, there is a range of policies which formally sets out guidelines and procedures for ensuring equality. The policies must take into account the rights of all individuals and groups within the school as well as considering the ways policies work to ensure equality, inclusion. Policies also pay regards to the values and practice, which are part of all aspect of school life.   United Nation’sRead MoreHow A Weak Or Strong State Can Foster And / Or Undermine A Democratic Media Using Kraidy 2012 Essay3646 Words   |  15 Pages How a weak or strong state can foster and/or undermine a democratic media using Kraidy 2012 Professor Institution Affiliation Date Democracy It is a type of government in which the people of a country have the power to rule indirectly by electing people to represent them or directly. Approaches in defining democracy: I. The Substantive Approach - Schmitter and Karl’s (1993) distinctively characterize democracy at three levels. These levels are the conceptual whichRead MoreRight to Education4758 Words   |  20 Pagesof Contents * INTRODUCTION †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 6 * RIGHT TO EDUCATION: A HISTORICAL OVERVIEW †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦7-12 * PRE-INDEPENDENCE ERA * SUPREME COURT ON THE RIGHT TO EDUCATION * APPROACH OF VARIOUS COMMISSIONS * INTERNATIONAL TREATY OBLIGATIONS * THE 86TH AMENDMENT ACT * THE RIGHT OF CHILDERNS TO FREE AND COMPULSORY EDUCATION ACT, 2009 †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..12-15 * HIGHLIGHTS OF THE ACT * CONCLUSION †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.15-16 * BIBLIOGRAPHYRead MorePorn and Censorship15240 Words   |  61 Pagesdebate o 2.1 Conservative arguments for censorship o 2.2. The traditional liberal defence of a right to pornography ï‚ § 2.2.1 The harm principle ï‚ § 2.2.2 Pornography and offence ï‚ § 2.2.3 The dangers of censorship †¢ 3. Recent liberal dissent †¢ 4. Feminist approaches o 4.1 Feminist arguments against pornography o 4.2 Feminist arguments against legal regulation †¢ 5. Recent debate: liberals and feminists o 5.1 Does pornography cause harm to others?: The empirical evidence o 5.2 Liberals and feminists †¢ BRead MoreRe: Assignment5996 Words   |  24 Pagespeople M1: Discuss how policies and procedures help children, young people and their families whilst the child is being looked after M2: Explain the roles and responsibilities of two members of the children’s workforce in relation to looked after children and young people D1: Evaluate the regulation of care provision for looked after children and young people For the P2 assignment, I’m going to outline what the central government, local authorities and third sector is and how they look after childrenRead Moregraded unit development stage2754 Words   |  12 Pageshouse corner, my parents participated in the questionnaires given out to them and four local childminders participated in my interviews. Throughout this piece of research it has become apparent that everyone has different ideas regarding role play and how children should be doing this. My recommendation is that there should be a framework for childminders stating what equipment they should have and what they need to do for a basic education for the children. Introduction The purpose of this projectRead MoreAll About Peace Education13195 Words   |  53 Pages Education shall be directed toward the full development of the human personality and to the strengthening of respect for human rights and fundamental freedoms. It shall promote understanding, tolerance and friendship among all nations, racial or religious groups and shall further the activities of the United Nations for the maintenance of peace. Article 26, The Universal Declaration of Human Rights Peace education is an elusive concept. Although peace alwaysRead MoreEthics of Information Communication Technology (Ict)27618 Words   |  111 PagesSocial Human Sciences in Asia and the Pacific (RUSHSAP) 241 ETHICS OF INFORMATION COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY (ICT) 1. INTRODUCTION Globalization and digital convergence in the emerging knowledge society has raised complex ethical, legal and societal issues. We are faced with complex and difficult questions regarding the freedom of expression, access to information, the right to privacy, intellectual property rights, and cultural diversity. ICT is an instrumental need of all humans for theRead MoreQualitative Research Methods Essay13327 Words   |  54 Pagescultural phenomena using inquiry tactics to determine the why, when, where, what, and how of the study. The qualitative inquiry is subject to the participant’s interpretations of the occurrences through observation and in-depth interviews. The purpose of this paper is to compare and contrast three of the five qualitative research methods: case study, phenomenological, and grounded theory. According to Merriam (1998), the research methods are similar in their quest for understanding and meaning, dataRead MoreConstraints of a Business Plan7946 Words   |  32 PagesConstraints that impact on the implementation of a business plan are categorised into six areas. These are: †¢ Legal. †¢ Financial. †¢ Social. †¢ Environmental. †¢ Technological. †¢ Competitive. I will now evaluate these constraints and discuss how, and in what ways, they may impact on the successful implementation of a business plan. Legal Constraints. Legal changes are happening on a daily basis, and as a result, can have a large influence on what is happening within the business environment

The Literacy A Balanced Literacy Program - 1517 Words

The term literacy refers to reading and writing. Both must be taught together within the many components of a balanced literacy program. Each of these components are important in this program and provide a framework for what and how educators teach. Among teaching, there are five different elements that the National Reading Panel identifies as important to reading instruction: phonemic awareness, phonics, fluency, vocabulary, and comprehension. It is an educator’s goal for students to understand these five elements. In order for students to comprehend these elements, there are eight strategies educators teach in a balanced literacy program: shared/guided writing, writer s workshop, interactive writing, independent writing, interactive read-aloud, guided reading, shared reading, and independent reading. These components make up the â€Å"skeleton† of a balanced literacy program, and this essay will discuss how and what educators teach within a balanced literacy program. When teaching students about reading and writing, an educator will teach both together, as they are complimentary of each other. It will be easier for students to learn reading and writing together rather than to separate them and relearn at a later time. It will begin with educators supporting students in their reading but once students comprehend, the support will become less as students become independent readers. There are four strategies for educators to effectively teach students how to read and fourShow MoreRelatedA Balanced Literacy Plan For The Literacy Program1128 Words   |  5 Pagesdevelopmental spelling, phonics, and vocabulary program. It was developed by Invernizzi, Johnston, Bear, and Templeton. Words Their Way is intended to be part of a balanced literacy plan that includes fluency, comprehension and writing. Word study is implemented as an integral component of the literacy program, but it is also linked in actual reading and writing of texts.† Through my pa rticipation in such classes and by experiences that I have encountered with literacy and assessments, I feel that I have masteredRead MoreA Balanced Literacy Program For Reading And Writing1634 Words   |  7 PagesThe term literacy refers to reading and writing. Both must be taught together within the many components of a balanced literacy program. Each of these components are important in this program and provide a framework for what and how educators teach. Among teaching, there are five different elements that the National Reading Panel identifies as important to reading instruction: phonemic awareness, phonics, fluency, vocabulary, and comprehension. It is an educator’s goal for students to understandRead MoreA Balanced Literacy Program Is a Necessity for a Childs Education1264 Words   |  5 PagesA balanced literacy program is a necessity for a child’s education. The program should include multiple instructional activities being consistently implemented in the classroom. The National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD) determined, â€Å"37% of fourth graders read below â€Å"basic† level and much higher in minority groups.† (INSERT CITATION) More than 60% of African-American and Latino children are below grade level. A variety of instructional activities are needed to teach childrenRead MoreBalanced Literacy Instruction : A Comprehensive Program Of Language Arts Achievement901 Words   |  4 PagesBalanced literacy instruction is a comprehensive program of language arts achievement. It is comprehending all of the components that is necessary for students to become a master in writing and oral communication. Balance literacy begins with creating a genuine gratitude for good literature. And it balanced by knowing students individually, direct and indirect instruction and activates that emphasize meaning for students. The strongest elements of each are combined into a literacy program that aimsRead MoreWh y Is Phonics Instruction An Integral Part Of The Balanced Literacy Program?1273 Words   |  6 Pageswords. After comparison they assume which grapheme to write and which phoneme to read. Children are identifying new words by beginning and ending letters, or by context clue. 2. Why is phonics instruction an integral part of the Balanced Literacy Program? Phonic instruction help beginning readers to understand how letters are linked to sounds and how to apply these knowledge in the reading. When children are learning to identify the relationships between sounds and letters, it wouldRead MoreEducational Reform1289 Words   |  6 Pagesquality of early literacy acquisition. It focuses on four principles: increased accountability, increased flexibility and local control, expanded options for parents, and teaching methods based on highly prescriptive reading curriculum programs and teaching methods that must be approved by the Federal government (Luke, Woods, 2008). Two key elements of NCLB were the focus on accountability through annual academic assessments, and support for using teaching methods and programs that were provenRead MoreLiteracy Models and Instructional Reform for Educators Essay780 Words   |  4 PagesLiteracy Reform In every school across America, effective practices of reading instruction are being discussed. Calkins (2012) suggests that over 85% of students being tested on grade level literacy standards are non-proficient. Research suggests that students, who are unable to read proficiently by third grade, are not predicted to ever learn to read or have successful lives when they reach adulthood (Martinez, 2008). For these reasons, it is important that districts implement literacy modelsRead MoreNew York Schools Chief Advocates More Balanced Literacy Essay1013 Words   |  5 PagesSchools Chief Advocates More ‘Balanced Literacy’ written by Javier C. Hernandez where the author attempts to establish why the program â€Å" Balanced literacy† has a chance to come back to NY City Schools. Hernandez revealed with explicit why C. Farina believes in balanced literacy and what is the difference between CCSS and balanced literacy program. The article’s statement indicates that the new school s chancellor, C. Farina, wants to return balanced literacy program to NY schools. She refusesRead MoreBalanced Literacy (essay describes the importance of having a balanced literacy approach in the classroom).1494 Words   |  6 Pagesabout what works is emerging from the research: What is needed is a balanced approach to reading instruction - an approach that combines the language and literature-rich activities associated with whole language activities aimed at enhancing meaning, understanding, and the love of language with explicit teaching skills as needed to develop fluency associated with proficient readers. Balanced literacy is an approach for teaching literacy that is widely used in classrooms across the country. It involvesRead MoreReading Instruction For English Language Learners1012 Words   |  5 Pagessmall groups demonstrated greater outcomes in their progress on NWF and ORF on the DIBELS assessments and for the Woodcock Reading Mastery test when compared to ELL students at the comparison schools that were not exposed to a three-tier reading program. This study suggests that direct instruction using evidence-based reading practice in small groups of 3-5 students is a teaching method that should be employed by teachers of ELL students in order to increase the students’ assessment outcomes. Selection

The Poverty-stricken Youth of America Free Essays

America has been described as a â€Å"melting pot†Ã¢â‚¬â€œ a land full of diversity. With that diversity comes a full range of income levels and statuses of its inhabitants, from the very, very rich to the destitute. Ronald Taylor†s article entitled â€Å"African-American Youth: Their Social and Economic Status in the United States† focuses on the issue of polarization. We will write a custom essay sample on The Poverty-stricken Youth of America or any similar topic only for you Order Now Polarization occurs when an increase of the percentage of people in poverty coincides with an increase of the percentage of people with higher incomes. Fewer people are considered ‘middle class†, but are either rich or poor. This paper will focus on the poverty-stricken youth of America. How are today†s poor white and poor non-white youth alike? How do they differ? Sociologists and researchers have found evidence to justify both, and I hope to focus on major points for both issues. Whether you†re white, African-American, or Hispanic, poverty for today†s youth has many recurring themes. A recent article by Duncan and Brooks for The Education Digest points out some very discerning facts that face today†s poor youth. â€Å"Low Income is linked with a variety of poor outcomes for children, from low birth weight and poor nutrition in infancy to increased chances of academic failure, emotional distress, and unwed childbirth in adolescence.† (Duncan Brooks, pg. 1). They also claim that low-income preschoolers show poorer cognitive and verbal skills because they are exposed to fewer toys, books, and other brain-stimulating items at home than their higher-income classmates. Low-income adolescents, in later years, will experience conflict between their economically stressed parents, as well as lower self-esteem than other teenaged children. An article from the Ojibwe News, a Native American Magazine, gives a startling statistic discovered by research analysts for the Minnesota Private College Research Foundation. They found that a child from a family earning $25,000 or less annually is only one-half as likely to enroll in college as a child from a family with an annual income of $50,000 or more. Both white and non-white youth in poverty experience a higher rate of teenage pregnancy, AIDS, and tend to live in single-parent homes. There are several differences that exist between white and non-white youth that live in poverty. Recent research for low-income youth has shown that the most important factor that contributes to the gap between employment rates of minority and white youth can be attributed to their social network. Three reasons were cited in lecture as to what lead to the declination of life chances among African-American youth in poverty. They are as follows: 1. â€Å"Affirmative Action† primarily helped better-educated, especially professional workers. 2. Relocation of industry to suburbs or abroad reduces â€Å"living wage† jobs for non-college educated. Lack of network contacts, plus continuing discrimination, puts minorities last in line. 3. Concentration of poverty in center cities. Higher income black families go to the suburbs for jobs. Therefore, loss of network contacts, community organizations, and the like. These reasons attribute to the starling fact that Black poverty rates and unemployment rates remain at approximately 3 times the white rate. Israel and Seeborg in their article entitled â€Å"The Impact of Youth Characteristics and Experiences on Transitions out of Poverty† state that â€Å"†¦being black increases the probability of exposure to adverse social and economic conditions (i.e. underclass environment)†¦Ã¢â‚¬  which, in turn, reduces the chance that new generations can get out of poverty. This leads us to another point-if African-Americans experience the highest rates of teenage pregnancy, which perpetuates continuing generational poverty, will there ever be a time when African-American adolescents get out of poverty? It is not only African-Americans that feel a more pronounced state of poverty. The Ojibwe News, a native American newspaper, focuses on the plights of Native American youth in Minnesota, as well as statistical evidence of other minority students. â€Å"Divided We Fall: The Declining Chance for College Among Minnesota Youth From Low-Income Families and Communities of Color† is based upon information from the Census Bureau, the Minnesota Department of Education and other sources, and examined high school dropout and college participation rates and how they are affected by such socioeconomic factors as race, family income, and parental education (Laird, pg. 2). The Ojibwe News showed a strong correlation between education and earnings. Considering that the present funding system for public schools usually provides from two to five times as much money for wealthy school districts as for the poorest, and that whites are twice as likely to have good access to computers, it is no surprise that this correlation exists. According to projections by the Minnesota Department of Education, 62% of all black students and 56% of all Native American students who entered public high school in the fall of 1991 will drop out by 1995. Nearly 50% of Hispanic students and 21% of Asian students were projected to drop out as well. The rate for white students? Only 16%. The article also explains how those 18 to 24 year-old dependents with at least one parent who had completed four years of college were twice as likely to enroll in college than those peers who parents had no post-secondary education (Laird, pg. 1). In summary, there exist many similarities and differences between white youth and non-white youth in American cities. A recurring solution emphasized by researches and in lecture is the idea of socialization. By integrating poor minority and poor white students with their wealthier peers, as done in the Gautreaux program, the continuation of poverty can be decreased. How to cite The Poverty-stricken Youth of America, Papers

Paradise free essay sample

Paradise; The feeling of salt on my skin and the smell of it in the warm, summer air arouse senses. I am surrounded by a dark bluish-green abyss. The feeling of the warm sun on my tan skin is comparable to no other. The water and the air, the hills and the coast, I am surround by natural beauty. It bewilders me how someone could live on this island and never see the beautiful view I see almost every day of my summer. I find my little slice of heaven on earth in the shadow of the greatest city on earth. Living on Long Island I spend about 5 months hibernating, trying to survive the winter. Throughout the winter it, is what keeps me motivated. I put myself back in summer, I watch the rainbow colors of the day fade over the Long Island Sound and try to forget that there is currently two feet of snow outside my door. We will write a custom essay sample on Paradise or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page I am not a big fan of the cold, but spending my summers out on my boat in Cold Spring Harbor is truly worth the wait. I have been on boats since I was little. When I was young I was afraid of the ocean, dark and mysterious. Fear of not knowing what was below both scared and intrigued me. As time when on I grew to accept the uncertainties of the opaque New York water. From May to October I spend all my free time on my boat. Turning the key and hearing the engines roar to life is exhilarating every time. When I am turning the cool metal steering wheel, with the salty ocean breeze in my hair and looking out on to the Sound, I am exactly where I want to be. I am unconstrained by the geometric shapes of buildings and streets, completely free. The ocean all around is peaceful and beautiful. It is a picture of serenity. My boat is my space to be me. Here is where I relax, hang out with friends, spend time with my family, escape the pressures of life, and sincerely appreciate nature. It also requires a lot of hard work. Scrubbing, washing, wiping, and all other types of cleaning are required. Although cle aning is not my favorite thing to do I don’t even mind because I know the hours of time spent cleaning will pay off. On my boat I am the captain. In charge of everything, all responsibility falls on me. Any day that everyone has fun and comes home safely is a successful one. It has taught me to be both mature and responsible. Even the people who work at my marina say I am there more than anyone else. It is a strange passion for a seventeen year old girl, but I am captivated by the ocean. Under the bright blue sky floating in the ocean is where my true home is. Free from the constraints of society, it is here where I find freedom from my everyday life. The ocean is beautiful yet powerful, cyclical yet sometimes unpredictable. Like the ocean I too know where I am going. Even when the unpredictable strays my from my path, I always find my way back.